Aiken M, Muram D, Keene P, Mamelli J. Evidence collection in cases of child
abuse: The detection of seminal fluid. Adolescent and Pediatric Gynecology
1993; 6:86-90.
American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children Task Force on Medical Evaluation of Suspected Child Abuse. Descriptive Terminology in Child Sexual Abuse Medical Evaluations. APSAC. Accessed February 2003. No longer available.
Bays J, Chewning M, Keltner L, Sewell R, Steinberg M, Thomas P. Changes in hymenal anatomy during examination of prepubertal girls for possible sexual abuse. Adolescent and Pediatric Gynecology 1990; 3:42-46.
Botash AS. Evaluating Child Sexual Abuse: Education Manual for Medical Professionals. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press; 2000: II1-II27.
Britton H. Emotional impact of the medical examination for sexual abuse. Child Abuse and Neglect 1998; 22(6):573-579.
Emans SJ, Goldstein DP. The gynecologic examination of the prepubertal child with vulvovaginitis: Use of the knee-chest position. Pediatrics 1980; 65(4):758-760.
Emans SJ, Laufer MR, Goldstein DP. Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 1998.
Finkel MA, DeJong AR. Medical findings in child sexual abuse. In: Reece RM, ed. Child Abuse Medical Diagnosis and Management. Malvern, PA: Lea and Febiger; 1994: (Ch. 9) 185-247.
Gabby T, Winkeby MA, Boyce T, et al. Sexual abuse of children: The detection
of semen on the skin. AJDC. 1992; 146:700-703.
Giardino AP, Christian CW, Giardino ER. A Practical Guide to the Evaluation of Child Physical Abuse and Neglect. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1997.
Giardino AP, Finkel MA, Giardino ER, Seidl T, Ludwig S. A Practical Guide to the Evaluation of Sexual Abuse in the Prepubertal Child. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications; 1992.
McCann J. The colposcopic genital examination of the sexually abused prepubertal female. Adolescent and Pediatric Gynecology 1993; 6:123-128.
McCann J, Voris J. Perianal injuries resulting from sexual abuse: A longitudinal study. Pediatrics 1993; 91(2):390-393.
McCann J, Voris J, Simon M, Wells R. Comparison of genital examination techniques in prepubertal girls. Pediatrics 1990; 85(2):182-187.
McCann J, Voris J. Perianal findings in pre-pubertal children selected for non-abuse: A descriptive study. Child Abuse and Neglect 1989; 13:179-193.
McCarthy V. The first pelvic examination. Journal of Pediatric HealthCare 1997; 11(5):247-249.
McMillan JA, DeAngelis CD, Feigin RD, Warshaw JB, eds. Oski's Pediatrics: Principles and Practice 3rd edtion. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 1999: 527-531.
Muram D. The medical evaluation of sexually abused children. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology 2003; 16(1):5-14.
Muram D. The medical evaluation in cases of child sexual abuse. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology 2001; 14(2):55-64.
Muram D, Arheart KL, Jennings SG. Diagnostic accuracy of colposcopic photographs in child sexual abuse evaluations. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology 1999; 12(2):58-6.
New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services
https://www.criminaljustice.ny.gov/evidencekit.htm
Reece RM, Ludwig S, eds. Child Abuse: Medical Diagnosis and Management. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2001.
